Graduate unemployment is the phenomenon whereby a university or tertiary institution graduate remains without regularincomeearning work, after 12 months of consistent trying. What are the effects of unemployment among the youths in mogadishu. Unemployment is defined as a state in which people, who can work, are without jobs. Unemployment, youth total % of total labor force ages 1524 modeled ilo estimate there are 26 universities in tanzania and over 15 colleges of education. University graduates unemployment and the labour market in nigeria ogboro, isoken mrs. Unemployment rate in nigeria 2020 and its economic consequences. Dec 10, 2016 the most critical issue affecting nigeria and nigerians today is the issue of unemployment and subsequently the problem in the future of unemployment is with current levels of youth unemployment in nigeria bakare, 20bakare states that world bank statistical data list nigerias youth unemployment rate at 38% bakare, 20 but bakare. Causes of unemployment in nigeria there have be en several researches on unemployment and its causes in developing countries, e specially nigeria. Unemployment convergence among the 36 states in nigeria being.
Aug 05, 2019 graduate unemployment in nigeria is a hot potato current issue under discussion. The labor decree 1974 19 protects older employees from being laid off in a situation of redundancy. About 25m graduates are unemployed in nigeria, though president muhammadu buhari estimated it at over 20m earlier this year. Economic recession and government policy can cause unemployment. In nigeria, is it costeffective to add an apprenticeship to a package of technical. As graduate unemployment rate soars in nigeria, ghana, kenya and south africa, report has revealed that students in these subsaharan african countries no longer see their future in conventional.
Graduate unemployment saddens parents that spent fortunes to train their children. Violence is the use of physical force that causes damage or injury. While this is slightly lower than the global youth unemployment rate of 12. Abstract unemployment which is one of the major economic problems confronting nigeria has been seen to take an increasing turn in form of graduate unemployment retarding the economic growth of nigeria.
A qualitative study of the impact of unemployment in. Unemployment in nigeria has resulted in more and more people who do not have purchasing power. Top ten major causes of unemployment in nigeria and solutions nigeria is country blessed with a lot of resources, both natural and human. It has made many young university graduates demoralized. Uddin and uddin 24 have argued that unemployment causes a decline in quality of life and job security in nigeria. The study will find out answers to the following research questions. It will bring to light various factors contributing to unemployment thus providing probable instrument to policy makers. Tunji akande examines the factors contributing to its prevalence and policies that. Economywatch, 2005 report that unemployment in nigeria is one of the. The purpose of this paper is to look into the causes, effects and solutions to youth unemployment problems in nigeria.
According to mohammed the the hallmark of poverty and crimes in nigeria is the level of unemployment among its activeage citizens. According to ashimuneze, 2011, about 20% of nigeria s unemployed are very poor, but are well educated and skilled, even by european and american standards. Causes and effects of graduate unemployment on the. The causes and solutions to nigerian graduates unemployment were explained who are mostly the youths of the country. Youth unemployment in uganda is one of the highest in africa actionaid, 2012. Nigeria exports far more skilled labor and trained. In addition to these supply factors, there is a lack of vibrant industries to absorb competent graduates. These factors were according to this paper symptomatic rather than causative. This makes them desperate in competing for the few. If nigeria can tackle the high rate of unemployment in the country. A study on the causes of unemployment among university. With the current population of approximately 182million people prb, 2015. The challenge of functional education and national development is a study that discussed the causes of graduate unemployment in nigeria which include the discovery and overdependence on crude oil, problems created by tertiary institutions of learning, and agriculturerelated causes of unemployment. Unemployment in nigeria is a major problem both economically and socially.
Reduction in the national output of goods and services. The study employed a simple percentage ranking for analysing the questionnaires administered to respondents residing in lagos state. Also according to weekly star, august, 17 1986, unemployment is the state of being employed, it further describes a person as unemployed when despite his ability and willingness to work in. Higher education system and jobless graduates in tanzania. Causes and effects of graduate unemployment on the nigerian economy the case study of lagos state ogunbanjo olufunmilola adesola 1, afolabi michael oluseye 2, aninkan olubukola omonike 2, ogunsola modupe omowunmi 2 and orobiyi joshua oluwaseunfunmi 3. Cause and effect of youth unemployment in nigeria sociology. In the course of carrying out the work, the researcher looked at the type of unemployment, some of which include frictional unemployment, seasonal unemployment, cyclical unemployment and residual unemployment. This study appraised the causes and socio behavioural effects of graduate youth unemployment in abia state, south. Unemployment or joblessness as defined by the international labour organisation 1982 occurs when people are without jobs and they have sought work within the past five weeks. Department of sociology faculty of the social sciences ekiti state university adoekiti, nigeria.
The rate at which unemployed graduates roam the street after the national youth service constitutes. Causal factors and effects of unemployment on graduates. It is generally stated as a percentage and calculated by dividing the number of people who. Nigerian youths from all corners of the country most especially graduates are in search of whitecollar jobs. Graduates are made to believe that seeking formal employment in a wellreputed establishment is a golden ticket to being successful in life. The unemployment rate is a measure of the prevalence of unemployment and it is calculated. Unemployment among young graduates in nigeria has become endemic and therefore requires a combination therapy. The rate of unemployment has increased during last few years due the fallout from the economic challenges. Main findings unemployment of urban educated graduates who want to work in the wage sector is just the tip of the iceberg the youth employment problem is about. One of the causes of unemployment in namibia is rapid population growth, which is also the leading cause of unemployment in india. A high incidence of either are indicators of institutional ineffectiveness and inefficiency. Dec 17, 2019 nigeria graduate report 2016, in fact, said 36. It is unemployment which results if the overall demand for goods and services in an economy cant support full employment. The unemployment is made worse by a large youth population, weak national labor markets and persistent poverty in the countries.
Sep 23, 2014 as nigeria s youth population grows, so does its youth unemployment rate, reaching nearly 11. What was noticeable as at then was a temporarily gap between searching for job by graduates and. The causes of unemployment could be many and could also be averted. Youth employment in subsaharan africa deon filmer the world bank december 20. The data for this paper was collected from secondary sources using. The deleterious effects on the nations economy and affected individuals are highly unquantifiable. Unemployment is one of the major issues affecting nigeria s economy and its society. Causes, effects and solutions to youth unemployment problems in. Studies show that unemployment in nigeria was not a serious problem before and after the civil war 19671970, 10,11. The study provides insights into the phenomenon of graduate unemployment in ghana and. It takes place during periods of economic contraction or during the time of slow economic growth. A look at the main causes of unemployment including demand deficient, structural, frictional and real wage unemployment.
Hence, this dissertation aims to fill some gap in the available research by investigating the extent, nature and causes of graduate unemployment in south africa. Causes, effects and solutions to youth unemployment problems. Table 1 youth unemployment rates for selected african countries country 20102014 unemployment rate % malawi. Unemployment represents the number of people in the work force who want to work but do not have a job. Jan 25, 2016 the guardian nigeria a total of 41,032 45. It is sad, however, that her resources are not put to efficient use. Research undertaken proved that unemployment and underemployment of graduates are devastating phenomena in their lives. The study explored the phenomenon of graduate unemployment as well as its causal factors, consequences and remedies in nigeria. Aside from that, the white collar job mentality is also one of the causes of graduate unemployment in ghana. Cyclical unemployment formula natural unemployment ratecurrent unemployment rate. Unemployment leads to frustrations which could find manifestation in different unfavourable forms. The purpose of the study is to find out the effects of youth unemployment in mogadishu. Nigeria is the most populous black country in the world. Abstract the study explored the phenomenon of graduate unemployment as well as its causal factors, consequences and remedies in nigeria.
There will always be some frictional unemployment in an economy because the. This provided for the continued status and authority of traditional rulers, and islamic legal and religious institutions which is a root cause of existing ethnoregional rivalries. The rate of youth unemployment in nigeria is high, even at the period of economic normalcy i. According to nigeria statement may 28, 1986, unemployment connotes the scarcity of job both in public and private sectors. The rate at which unemployed graduates roam the street after the. Using agege local government of lagos state as a case study. This huge figure implies that the rate of unemployment is really high.
Rampant unemployment of school leavers, especially university graduates, is not only a disincentive to schooling but could also be a recipe for social unrest if not immediately checked. Thus, lead to ruralurban migration where graduates look for greener pasture most especially to cities like lagos, abuja and portharcourt. Graduate unemployment, timebomb in nigeria vanguard news. The possible causes of insecurity in nigeria such as bad governance, corruption, graduate unemployment, among others pointed out by other writers were highlighted. Causes, effects and solutions to youth unemployment.
Arguments are ripe whether her evergrowing population is the sole factor responsible also for her continuous growth of unemployment. Prevalence, characteristics and perceived causes submitted in partial fulfillment for a master of arts, in research psychology by research and coursework degree, at the university of the witwatersrands school of human and community development. Using quantitative research method, data were collected from 360 abuja nigeria federal capital based professionals through a selfadministered questionnaire structured in line with the modified likert scale. Also, the findings revealed that unemployment in nigeria increased from 21. Unemployment graduates into nigerias biggest problem. Causes and effects of graduate unemployment on the nigerian economy the case study of lagos state ogunbanjo olufunmilola adesola 1, afolabi michael oluseye 2, aninkan olubukola omonike 2, ogunsola modupe omowunmi 2 and orobiyi joshua oluwaseunfunmi 3 1department of marketing, gateway polytechnic saapade, ogun state, nigeria. An unstable economy is another reason for the causes of unemployment. The consequences of unemployment in nigeria includes. According to the year book of labor statistics 1984. The graduate unemployment rate is one of the current issues being discussed by higher education scholars. This is because the educational system of nigeria is structured on certificate and what they can offer the society. Causes and effects of graduate unemployment on the nigerian.
Ongoing recruitment by the federal road safety commission shows up the scale of unemployment in nigeria. There is a saying that the devil finds work for the idle hands. Therefore, a research on the causes of unemployment among university graduates in kenya. Abstract the main focus of this paper is on the problems of university graduates unemployment. Graduate unemployment in nigeria is a hot potato current issue under discussion. Lets talk about the causes, effects and possible solutions to unemployment in nigeria. This is unemployment caused by the time people take to move between jobs, e.
This country enjoys some level of peace and stability which needs to be guarded very jealously. According to data from the international labour organisation ilo in subsaharan africa, the youth unemployment rate hovers around 12 percent. Unemployment is one of the major issues affecting nigerias economy and its society. Nov 25, 2019 a look at the main causes of unemployment including demand deficient, structural, frictional and real wage unemployment. Pdf causes, effects and solutions to youth unemployment. From the content analysis perceptions of job seekers on the issue of graduate unemployment in a study conducted by fajana 2000, the following factors were identified as the major causes of unemployment in nigeria. From 2011 to 20 there is an increase of 16% unemployment growth rate in nigeria. Thisresearch was conducted to investigate causes and effects of unemployment on n.
In order to examine the problems, the paper focuses on. The paper conclude that vocational and technical education a solution among graduate in nigeria education agenda and how the integration of both area of study can create a synergy for dealing with the issue of unemployment. A comparative analysis of the population and unemployment structure of three purposively selected and heavily populated countries in three different continents nigeria, china and usa were undertaken. Socioeconomic impact of graduate unemployment on nigeria and. The rate at which unemployed graduates roam the street after the national youth service constitutes social malice to the country as a whole. Unemployment rate in nigeria 2019 nigerias unemployment rate stood at 23. In most african countries, unemployment and underemployment among especially youths have continued to rise. Causal factors, effects, unemployment, tertiary institutions. This research study investigates the causes and effects of graduate unemployment on the nigerian economy in nigeria.
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